Thermal solar panels convert solar radiation directly into thermal energy to heat water or other purposes.

There are two main types of solar thermal systems:

• Thermosiphon circulation systems;
• Forced circulation systems.

THERMOSIPHONIC CIRCULATION

Solar radiation focuses on the glass cover that makes up the upper part of the solar collector, penetrating inside the solar panel. The heat is transferred to the fluid that circulates through tubing becoming less dense, rising from the collector to the tank. The exchange is made for drinking water, the thermal fluid cools and descends to the collectors, closing the cycle. The tank should always be above the solar collectors.

The investment is lower and simpler installation. Works autonomously and is self-governed, non-moving parts and electronic checks without using the auxiliary pump to make the solar liquid circulation. Maintenance is simpler.

FORCED CIRCULATION

Solar radiation focuses on the glass cover that makes up the upper part of the solar collector, penetrating inside the solar panel. The heat is transferred to the fluid that circulates through tubing. The hot fluid circulates in a closed circuit and transfers heat through the serpentine of the deposit to the drinking water. The fluid flow is managed by the controller and by the movement as a function of the measured temperatures. The forced circulation system has a higher income, given that energy management is more effective because it is regulated through a differential controller. Provides a deposit inside the building, and it forces you to have room for placement. The forced circulation system facilitates the use of other energies (in addition to electrical) and allows more control over the installation. Its application field is greater, allowing integration with central heating systems and heating of swimming pools.

For those who care about the aesthetics of the panel and of the building, is a good solution, as it allows a better architectural integration.

BENEFITS OF HAVING A SOLAR THERMAL PANELS

Economic: The first sign of economic benefit for families that join this solar energy technology is a decrease in its monthly account of energy (electricity and gas). A well dimensioned system saves up to 80% of the energy needed to heat water in your home. The energy produced is free and virtually maintenance-free. Is affordable, with rapid payback periods. Solar thermal systems are made to last for about 20 years with energy saving, caring for the environment. However, require an annual preventive maintenance for lasting the allotted time without losing efficiency.

Environmental: Thermal solar energy-environmental is an inexhaustible energy. Their use allows a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions.

Portugal, regardless of region, is one of the European countries with the best solar resource, being always advantageous solar thermal installation. In areas of the Alentejo and Algarve solar radiation reaches even higher levels.